About Cannabinoids
Cannabinoids are a type of natural compounds that are present in the Cannabis sativa plant. Out of the 480 different compounds that exist in the plant, more then 100 are classified as cannabinoids. Phytocannabinoids are naturally occurring and concentrated in cannabinoids and interact with our body's receptors.
The endocannabinoid system
The endocannabinoid system is a fascinating part of our body that helps keep things balanced and running smoothly. It’s made up of three main components: endocannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes.
Endocannabinoids are special chemicals that our body naturally produces. They are similar to the compounds found in cannabis plants, which is why they are called “endocannabinoids.” The two main types of endocannabinoids are anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). These endocannabinoids act as messengers and help transmit signals throughout the body.
The receptors of the endocannabinoid system are like little receivers that are found on the surface of our cells. They are called cannabinoid receptors, and the two most well-known ones are CB1 and CB2 receptors. Think of them as locks on the cell surface, and endocannabinoids are the keys that fit into these locks.
When our body needs to send a message, the endocannabinoids are released and they attach to the cannabinoid receptors. This interaction triggers a response in the cell, like turning on a switch. CB1 receptors are mostly found in the brain and central nervous system, while CB2 receptors are more commonly found in the immune system and other parts of the body.
Once the message is delivered, enzymes come into play. These enzymes break down the endocannabinoids, preventing them from staying active for too long. This helps maintain balance and prevent excessive signaling.
So, in simple terms, the endocannabinoid system is a network of chemicals and receptors in our body that help send and receive messages to keep things in balance. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions like regulating mood, pain, appetite, sleep, and immune responses.
Phytocannabinoids
Phytocannabinoids are natural compounds found in the cannabis plant. They are responsible for many of the plant’s effects. These compounds are produced in small glandular structures called trichomes. Phytocannabinoids are not soluble in water but can dissolve in alcohol, fat, and other similar substances.
There are over 480 different compounds in the cannabis plant, and about 66 of them are cannabinoids. The most famous one is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the main component that can make you feel “high” or have psychoactive effects. Other common cannabinoids include cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN).
Cannabinoids can be grouped into different classes based on their chemical structures. These classes include cannabigerols (CBG), cannabichromenes (CBC), cannabidiols (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinols (THC), cannabinol (CBN), and others.
THC is known for its pain-relieving and neuroprotective properties and has an affinity for both CB1 and CB2 receptors in the body.
CBD, on the other hand, is not psychoactive and doesn’t make you feel high. It acts as a blocker for CB1 receptors. CBN can help with convulsions, seizures, anxiety, nausea, and inflammation. Cannabigerol is also not psychoactive and blocks CB1 receptors.
In simpler terms, phytocannabinoids are natural compounds found in the cannabis plant. They have different effects on the body, such as pain relief, reducing seizures, or providing a feeling of relaxation. THC is the one that can make you high, while CBD and CBN have different benefits without causing a high.
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